International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development

The design, construction, and performance evaluation of a three-blade prototype Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) incorporating a passive stall speed control system are presented. The research addresses recurring failures observed in wind turbine projects at Kaduna Polytechnic, Nigeria, which were attributed to the absence of effective overspeed protection during adverse wind conditions. The prototype was designed with a 1.5-metre tower fabricated from carbon steel and a 1-metre rotor diameter, with the rotor assembly constructed from locally sourced structural wood. The passive stall control mechanism exploits the blades’ fixed geometric orientation relative to the angle of attack of the incoming wind, thereby requiring no dynamic mechanical components for speed regulation. Performance testing was conducted under both natural and artificially induced excessive wind conditions, using an anemometer, digital tachometer, and digital multimeter to measure wind speed, rotor RPM, and power output, respectively. The results confirm that the passive stall control effectively limits rotor speed under excessive wind conditions, preventing catastrophic structural failure while maintaining viable electrical output. This work demonstrates the feasibility of constructing reliable, locally fabricated small-scale wind turbines and establishes a framework for further research and development in community-based renewable energy solutions.

AbdulMalik Musa Gusau, Abdussalam Mamoon, Tijjani Yahuza, "Design and Construction of a Passive Control Three-Blade Prototype Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine" International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, V9(4): Page(1058-1062) July-August 2026. ISSN: 2581-7175. www.ijsred.com. Published by Scientific and Academic Research Publishing.