International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have emerged as promising multifunctional materials due to their unique structural, optical, and magnetic properties. In this study, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using a chemical route and systematically characterized to investigate phase formation and magnetic behavior. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of a single-phase hexagonal wurtzite structure with high crystallinity. The average crystallite size was estimated using the Scherrer equation and found to be in the nanometer range. Magnetic measurements using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) revealed weak room-temperature ferromagnetism, attributed to intrinsic defects such as oxygen vacancies and zinc interstitials. The results establish a strong correlation between structural defects and magnetic properties, highlighting the potential of ZnO nanoparticles in spintronic applications.

Harshit Yadav, S.K. Chaudhary, Praveen Kumar, "Phase Evolution & Dielectric Properties of ZnNb2O6 Columbite Phase" International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, V9(4): Page(145-150) May-June 2026. ISSN: 2581-7175. www.ijsred.com. Published by Scientific and Academic Research Publishing.