International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development

Biodiesel, a form of diesel fuel is an alternative fuel similar to the conventional diesel (fossil) fuel; it can be produced from vegetable oils, animal fats and oils, tallow and waste cooking oils. In this research work, Vitellaria paradoxa seed oil was obtained, and used for the production and partial characterization of biodiesel. The results for the biodiesel produced showed that the biodiesel has a pale yellow colour, percentage yield of 84.37 %, iodine value of 46.95 I2/100g, peroxide value of 700 meq kg-1, acid value of 13.46 mgKOH/g, FFA value of 15.43 w/w, saponification value of 141.65 mgKOH/g, calcium of 5.5 mg/kg, magnesium of 3 mg/kg, specific gravity of 0.89, sodium of 2.3 mg/kg, potassium of 2.4 mg/kg, and the kinematic viscosity of 4.2 mm2 /s respectively. The results for AAS analysis showed that, the concentration of Al, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and V are 1.55 ± 0.01 nm, 1.76 ± 0.03 nm, 0.69 ± 0.02 nm, 0.17 ± 0.01 nm, 0.06 ± 0.02 nm, 0.18 ± 0.01 nm, 2.75 ± 0.03 nm, 0.01 ± 0.01 nm, 0.02 ± 0.01 nm and 0.77 ± 0.03 nm respectively. Also, the GCMS and FT-IR results revealed that the major composition of the biodiesel produced are methyl esters, however, these results obtained were consistent with EN and ASTM standards as well as other literatures as compared.

Abubakar Kabiru, Mohammed Abdulazeez, Maiyama Anas Yahaya, Abdullahi Usman, Samson Imoleayo Kolawole, Salman Yahaya Maiyama, "Production and Characterisation of Biodiesel from Vitellaria Paradoxa Seed Oil Using CuO/Kaolin as Catalyst" International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, V9(4): Page(559-609) May-June 2026. ISSN: 2581-7175. www.ijsred.com. Published by Scientific and Academic Research Publishing.