Recruitment and selection constitute the gateway through which human capital enters an organization, and the quality of this gateway shapes almost every downstream outcome—productivity, culture, innovation, retention, and ultimately competitive advantage. This paper examines contemporary recruitment and selection practices across organizations and investigates their relationship with organizational performance. Drawing on an integrative review of academic literature and a mixed-methods empirical design involving a structured survey of 214 HR professionals and employees across manufacturing, information technology, financial services, and retail sectors, supplemented by eight semistructured interviews, the study explores which practices are most prevalent, how systematically they are applied, and how they correlate with performance indicators such as employee productivity, retention, time-to-fill, and quality-of-hire. Findings indicate that structured selection methods (structured interviews, work-sample tests, and validated assessments) are significantly associated with higher quality-of-hire and lower early turnover, whereas organizations relying predominantly on unstructured interviews and informal referrals report weaker person–job fit. The study also finds that the adoption of technology— applicant tracking systems, AI-assisted screening, and data analytics—improves efficiency metrics but introduces concerns about fairness, candidate experience, and algorithmic bias. The paper concludes with managerial implications emphasizing structure, validity, fairness, employer branding, and evidence-based HR, and it acknowledges limitations relating to sample scope and self-reported measures.

Supriya J. Moon, Asst.Prof. Kushal M. Dharmik, "An Analysis of Recruitment and Selection Practices and Their Effect on Organizational Performance" International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, V9(5): Page(1435-1441) September - October 2026. ISSN: 2581-7175. www.ijsred.com. Published by Scientific and Academic Research Publishing.