International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development

Healthcare supply chains involve many independent stakeholders, from raw-material suppliers and manufacturers to distributors, pharmacies and patients, and they remain vulnerable to counterfeit drugs, loss of product integrity during transport, opaque record keeping and delayed payments. This paper proposes NAIBHSC, a novel approach that integrates the Internet of Things (IoT) with the Ethereum blockchain to provide end-to-end traceability and secure data exchange in the medical supply chain. A bi-objective supply chain network model is formulated to maximize the flow of undamaged products and minimize the total channel cost. The architecture combines RFID tags, QR codes and environmental sensors with Solidity smart contracts that automate product registration, sale authorization, purchase, ownership transfer, invoicing and payment, while an HTTP server, a PostgreSQL database and the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) handle off-chain data. The prototype was developed with web3j, JSON-RPC and Infura, compiled and tested in Remix IDE, and audited with SmartCheck. A qualitative comparison shows that NAIBHSC provides data decentralization, flexibility, product integrity, security and transparency that are not available in existing non-blockchain approaches, together with off-chain storage and programmable smart contracts that are lacking in existing blockchain-based solutions. Performance benchmarking with Hyperledger Caliper for 100, 300 and 500 concurrent users yielded average query latencies of 145, 162 and 403 ms and minimum latencies of 100, 103 and 110 ms, with throughput scaling to approximately 100 transactions per second for 500 users. The results demonstrate that NAIBHSC improves the security, transparency and responsiveness of healthcare supply chain management.

Pramod Kumar Yadav, Dr. Vivek Kumar, "NAIBHSC: A Novel Integrated IoT and Blockchain Framework for Secure, Traceable and Efficient Healthcare Supply Chain Management" International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, V9(5): Page(222-232) September - October 2026. ISSN: 2581-7175. www.ijsred.com. Published by Scientific and Academic Research Publishing.