International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development

This review explores the evolution and advancements in the field of drug-eluting stents (DES) used for treating coronary artery disease. It discusses the limitations and improvements covered from first to fourth-generation DESs, which emphasizing the polymer coatings and followed by importance of drug pharmacology and innovative designs to enhance biocompatibility and reduce restenosis rates to optimize drug delivery. It also covers with advancements such as bioabsorbable polymers and improved antirestenotic agents, the latest DES technologies strive for safety and efficacy along with better vascular healing while addressing past concerns like stent thrombosis and endothelial healing delays