International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development

Concrete is the most frequently used building material in the world. However, because of its extraordinary use, there are serious environmental worries about the harm that comes from the extraction of raw materials and the emissions of CO2 during the cement manufacturing process. A huge amount of electrical power and fuel energy are needed to make one ton of cement, which emits roughly one ton of CO2. The best way has been to employ supplemental cementing materials (SCMs), which can increase or maintain the overall performance of the concrete while also reducing the amount of cement used. One such pozzolanic substance that has been widely utilized as calcined clay is Metakaolin (MK), which is produced by calcining kaolinitic clay. This essay examines the body of research on the use of MK in concrete and mortar as a partial substitute for cement. A thorough review of the literature is done and presented here.
One component of Malaysia's primary energy resources is coal. 2010 was predicted to use more than 22.5 million tons of coal, which resulted in a large amount of coal ash being produced as waste. Pulverized Fuel Ash, or PFA, has garnered a lot of attention as a cement substitute for concert mixtures in recent years. This study's laboratory work involves figuring out the optimal mix design to produce soil-cement bricks enhanced with PFA that have the best compressive strength, water absorption, and initial extraction rate. In this work, M25 grade concrete was developed by replacing cement via 5%, 10%,15%,20%,25% and 30% of PFA and Metakaolin. These tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties, like compressive strength, of Mix concrete, which was 13.41% and 8.11% stronger than conventional concrete at 7 days and 28 days of curing of cubes. and the flexural tensile strength of Mix concrete is 12.35% more than conventional concrete at 28 days of curing of beams.