International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development

This study evaluates the financial performance of Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) over a five-year period (FY21–FY25) using a comprehensive ratio-based and cash-flow analytical framework. Secondary data drawn from audited financial statements, annual reports, and financial databases were used to compute key indicators of profitability, returns, liquidity, leverage, and shareholder value. The findings show that HUL maintained stable margins, strengthened its return ratios, preserved healthy liquidity, and sustained a conservative capital structure throughout the review period. Operating cash flows remained consistently positive, indicating strong core-operational efficiency, while investment and financing cash flows reflected deliberate capital expenditure patterns and sustained shareholder payouts. Overall, the analysis demonstrates that HUL exhibits financial resilience, disciplined capital allocation, and long-term value creation capacity within the competitive FMCG environment.