International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development

We present laser induced breakdown spectroscopic studies of variety of rock samples around Elmithnab Al-Qassim region Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The samples were collected from East, West, and North about 15 km from city center. Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm) in conjunction with Spectrograph equipped with computer is used to record the LIBS data. The emission spectra of these samples have been recorded as functions of laser irradiance. The elemental composition and the relative abundance in each sample are found to be They differ from region to region. Quantities of Iron, Calcium, Copper, Silicon, Aluminum, Manganese, Lead. sulfur and Zinc are detected in these samples. Although the distribution of elements in the samples is not uniform, sulfur and silicon were found in higher concentrations than other elements in the area.

Mubarak M. Ahmed,"Self-Supervised Learning Techniques for Reducing Labeled Data Dependency" International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, V9(1): Page(796-802) Jan-Feb 2026. ISSN: 2581-7175. www.ijsred.com. Published by Scientific and Academic Research Publishing.