International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development

Oil palm cultivation has emerged as a key agricultural enterprise in Uganda, particularly in Kalangala District, where it contributes substantially to rural livelihoods. However, limited empirical evidence exists on its actual contribution to household income among smallholder farmers in Mugoye Sub-County. This study assessed the contribution of oil palm cultivation to household income in Mugoye Sub-County, Kalangala District, Uganda. The study employed a cross-sectional research design and used primary data collection methods. A total of 130 respondents, comprising 128 smallholder oil palm farmers and 2 agricultural extension officers, were sampled using simple random sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and key informant interviews to capture socio-economic characteristics, involvement in oil palm farming, income sources, and perceptions of the crop’s economic benefits. Quantitative data were coded, entered into Microsoft Excel, and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Chisquare tests) were employed to assess relationships between variables. The results indicate that oil palm cultivation is the main source of income for most households (Mean = 4.32, SD = 0.79, χ² = 15.24, p = 0.001) and significantly contributes to meeting basic household needs (Mean = 4.15, SD = 0.82, χ² = 12.67, p = 0.003), paying children’s school fees (Mean = 4.05, SD = 0.88, χ² = 10.54, p = 0.015), and improving household nutrition (Mean = 3.92, SD = 0.91, χ² = 9.36, p = 0.025). Farmers also reinvest income into farm inputs and expansion (Mean = 4.28, SD = 0.77, χ² = 14.11, p = 0.002), acquire assets such as livestock and furniture (Mean = 4.08, SD = 0.85, χ² = 11.32, p = 0.010), and participate in community activities (Mean = 3.84, SD = 0.94, χ² = 8.47, p = 0.037). Overall, respondents agreed that oil palm cultivation has improved their household economic status (Mean = 4.36, SD = 0.74, χ² = 16.02, p = 0.000). These findings suggest that oil palm cultivation is a critical driver of household income, welfare, and livelihood improvement in Mugoye Sub-County. Access to productive assets, reinvestment of income, and participation in structured value chains enhance economic well-being, aligning with the Sustainable Livelihood Framework. The study recommends strengthening farmer support programs, improving market access, and promoting financial literacy to optimize the income-generating potential of oil palm for smallholder farmers in the region.

Mulindwa Boaz Zaake, Ms.Annah Atuhaire, Ms.Goretty Nagawa,"Contribution of Oil Palm Growing to Household Income in Mugoye Sub-County, Kalangala District, Uganda" International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, V9(3): Page(2216-2228) May-June 2026. ISSN: 2581-7175. www.ijsred.com. Published by Scientific and Academic Research Publishing.